Gyratory crusher with resilient mounting of the crusher cone



1969 K. BEISNER ET AL 3,481,548

GYRATORY CRUSHER WITH RESILIENT MOUNTING OF THE CRUSHER CONE Filed Jan. 23, 1967 /A FIG.I

United States Patent 3,481,548 GYRATORY CRUSHER WITH RESILIENT MOUNT- ING OF THE CRUSHER CONE Klaus Beisner, Hotinungsthal, Willi Jacobs, Porz-Grengel, and Helmut Stiickmann, Wesseling, Germany, assignors to Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft, Cologne-Deutz, Germany, a corporation of Germany Filed Jan. 23, 1967, Ser. No. 611,088 Claims priority, applicatisosn 1(Slermany, Jan. 21, 1966,

Int. Cl. Bll2c 2/04 US. Cl. 241-215 4 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Our invention relates to a gyratory crusher of the type having a crusher cone that is resiliently supported on a gaseous pressure medium by means of a partition member such as a piston which is centrally slidable in a pressure cylinder, the piston being spaced from the crusher cone and the space therebetween being connected to a device for controlling the supply or discharge of a pressure fluid respectively to and from the space for adjusting the width of the gape between the crusher cone and the crusher lining.

A gyratory crusher of the aforementioned type is shown and described in German Patent 1,137,928 wherein the crusher cone and the piston are connected by a piston rod. However, it has been found that if the crusher cone, and the piston connected therewith, are moved rapidly downwardly by a sudden load, a vacuum can form above the piston and, consequently, the piston, during its return stroke, will be thrust against the pressure fluid and the pressure fluid will be hurled against the upper cylinder wall so that damage can occur.

It is accordingly an object of our invention to provide gyratory crusher with resilient mounting of the crusher cone that will avoid the aforementioned disadvantage of the heretofore known gyratory crusher of this type and which will more particularly avoid damage to the piston or other partition member or to the cylinder wall thereof.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, we accordingly provide a gyratory crusher wherein the crusher cone is supported on the pressure fluid located above the partition member, the uppermost position of the vertically displaceable partition member being limited by a stop member. No rigid connection is provided between the pressure cone and the partition member, which may be in the form of a piston. Since the forces appearing on the crusher cone are transmitted solely through the pressure fluid to the partition member, the formation of a vacuum above the partition member is safely prevented. Moreover, the entire space located above the partition member is always completely filled with pressure fluid. A stop member firmly holds the partition member in its uppermost travel position i.e. its normal position, during the operation of the gyratory crusher. The crusher cone can be raised or lowered solely by supplying respectively a greater or lesser quantity of pressure fluid to the space above the partition member.

3,481,548 Patented Dec. 2, 1969 ICC In accordance with further features of our invention, a throttle check valve is provided in a. space above the partition member and is of such construction that the pressure fluid offers only a slight resistance to the crusher cone when it is moving downwardly whereas when the crusher cone is moving upwardly, a throttling action is produced and a slower upward motion of the crusher cone is thereby ensured.

In accordance with yet another feature of our invention, the partition member, instead of being a freely moving piston, can be in the form of an elastic membrane secured only at its periphery in the pressure cylinder and separating the pressure fluid above the membrane from the gaseous medium below the membrane.

Features which are considered as characteristic for the invention are set forth in the appended claims.

The construction and method of operation of the invention, however, together with additional objects and advantages thereof, will be best understood from the following description when read in connection with the accompanying drawing.

Although the invention has been illustrated and described herein as gyratory crusher with resilient mounting of the crusher cone, it is nevertheless not intended to be limited to the details shown since various modifications and structural changes may be made therein without departing from the spirit of the invention and within the scope and range of equivalence of the claims.

In the figures:

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a gyratory crusher constructed in accordance with the invention including auxiliary devices shown schematically; and

FIG. 2 is a fragmentary view of FIG. 1 showing a modified form of piston.

Referring now to the drawing and first particularly to FIG. 1 thereof, there is shown a gyratory crusher having a supporting frame consisting of a lower cylindrical portion 1 and an upper conical crusher housing 2 provided with a somewhat similarly shaped internal crusher lining 2. A crusher cone 3 is located within the crusher housing 2. The crusher cone is assembled in the support frame so that the axis A of the crusher cone is disposed inclined at an angle of a few degrees to the vertical axis B of the machine frame. The crusher cone 3 is loosely supported with a flat surface 4 on a collet 5 having a spherical surface, which is in turn mounted in a corespondingly spherically shaped socket 6. The socket 6 is seated on a support member 7 which is vertically, but nonrotatably, displaceable by means of a tongue and groove 8, 9 in a cylindrical space 10 of a central shaft 11. This shaft 11 has a very slightly conical shape at the lower end thereof as seen in FIG. 1 and is secured by means of a nut 12 in a ring extension 13 of the machine frame 1. An eccentric sleeve 14 is rotatably disposed on the upper portion of the central shaft 11 and is supported on an antifriction bearing carried by the stationary ring 13. The eccentric sleeve 14 has an outer peripheral surface 16 coaxial and concentric to the crusher cone axis A, the surface 16 being encircled by a downwardly extending collar 17 of the crusher cone. The crusher cone 3 is thereby maintained in its slightly inclined attitude. A bevel gear 18 is secured to the lower end of the eccentric sleeve 14 and is rotatable by a second bevel gear 20 meshing therewith and driven by the shaft 19.

The cylindrical space located in the central shaft 11 of the gyratory crusher has a constriction formed by an annular wall 21 in which a throttle check valve system 22 is provided. In the embodiment shown, the valve system includes a central throttling valve which always remains open and a ball and spring check valve which is opened only when the pressure in the cylindrical spaced above the wall 21 exceeds the biasing action of the compression spring thereof. A supply duct 23 of pressure fluid, such as oil, for example, is connected to the space above the annular wall 21, which can then be filled with pressure oil from a supply vessel 25 with the aid of a pump 24. Contrariwise, the pressure oil can be discharged from the space 10 above the constriction 21 through the parallel duct 26, which can be closed with the aid of a valve 27. A free floating piston 28 is located in the space 10 below the constriction 21, the highest position of which is limited by the constriction wall 21. The piston 28 is axially displaceable in the space 10 beneath the constriction 21 and is supported on a gaseous pressure medium located in this lower space. A gas tank 31, filled with a compressed gaseous pressure medium such as nitrogen, is connected to the space below the constriction 21 by means of a duct 29, provided with a shut-oh valve 30. The filling pressure of the nitrogen is so great that the gas in the space 10 below the piston 28 is precompressed or prestressed and keeps the piston 28 forced up against the constriction 21 serving as the stop member during normal operation of the gyratory crusher. The elevational position of the crusher cone 3 and accordingly the width of the gape of the crusher between the crusher cone and the crusher lining thereof, is thus determined by the quantity of pressure fluid present in the partial space 10 located above the constriction 21. Consequently, the gape of the crusher can thereby be adjusted by selectively supplying or discharging pressure fluid respectively to or from the space 10 above the constriction 21.

If a particle, such as a very large metal object, which cannot be crushed falls into the crusher gape, a larger force than usual would then be transmitted through the pressure fluid to the piston 28 which would exceed the upwardly biasing force of the precompressed gas in the space below the piston 28, so that the piston 28 as well as the crusher cone 3 would move downwardly. This downward withdrawing motion of the piston 28 occurs very rapidly because the ball and spring check valve of the valve system 22, built into the constriction wall 21, presents only little resistance to the downwardly flowing pressure fluid. After the load applied by the uncrushable object has been removed from the crusher cone 3, the pressure gas below the piston 28 then presses in the Opposite direction against the piston so as to force the upper pressure fluid and the cone in an upward direction. The throttle check valve system 22 then offers a greater resistance to the upward flow of pressure fluid therethrough, so that the upward motion of the pressure fluid occurs relatively slowly. Consequently, the piston 28 is moved very slowly into abutting relationship with the constrictive wall 21, thereby avoiding possible damage thereto.

In FIG. 2, there is shown a fragment of the embodiment of FIG. 1 modified by being provided with an elastic membrane 28' suitably secured at its periphery by a resilient snap ring 32, for example located in a suitable annular groove 33 formed internally in the hollow central shaft 11. To the man of skill in the art, it will be readily apparent that the embodiment of FIG. 2 will operate in virtually the same manner as the embodiment of FIG. 1 except that instead of moving entirely, a portion of the expanding membrane will move in accordance with the pressure exerted thereon.

We claim:

1. In a gyratory crusher having a crusher cone and a crusher lining defining a gape therebetween, a substantially vertical pressure cylinder having an upper and a lower space, the crusher cone having a central solid supporting member extending into said upper space and being supported for axial movement in said upper space on pressure fluid contained therein, a partition member located in said lower space and being at least partly displaceable therein in a substantially vertical direction, stop means located in said pressure cylinder for limiting the upward displacement of said partition member, means for supplying precompressed gaseous pressure medium to said lower space below said partition member so as to bias said partition member into abutment with said stop means during normal operation of the crusher, and means connected to said upper space for controllably supplying thereto and discharging therefrom the pressure fluid in accordance with the pressure exerted on the crusher cone by crusher material located in the gape whereby the elevation of the crusher cone and the width of the gape between the crusher cone and crusher lining are adjusted, said lastmentioned means comprising a constricted passage located between said upper and lower spaces and providing continuous communication therebetween and a one-way valve located between said upper and lower spaces and being operable only to provide flow into said lower space of pressure fluid contained in said upper space when the pressure in said upper space exceeds the pressure in said lower space.

2. Gyratory crusher according to claim 1 wherein said partition member is a free floating piston.

3. Gyratory crusher according to claim 1 wherein said partition member is an elastic membrane secured at its periphery to said pressure cylinder.

4. Gyratory crusher according to claim 1, wherein said constricted passage is comprised of a throttle valve, and said one-way valve is a check valve.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,956,584 5/1934 Newhouse 241-2l1 1,961,811 6/1934 Becker 2412l1 2,021,895 11/1935 Newhouse 24l211 X 2,579,516 12/1951 Roubal 241211 X 3,315,901 4/1967 Pollitz 24l211 ROBERT C. RIORDON, Primary Examiner D. G. KELLY, Assistant Examiner 

